CSIS | 11 October 2023
An intelligence failure is like a plane crash: it is never just one thing that goes wrong, it is instead a series of things that add up to a disaster. Hamas pulled off a complex, multifront assault on October 7—the kind of coordinated attack that takes months to plan and execute. Moreover, tens if not hundreds of Hamas militants were involved in the combination air, land, sea, and rocket assault, suggesting that the circle of knowledge was extensive…
So how could Israeli intelligence services—among the best in the world—be caught by surprise?
How Could Israeli Intelligence Miss the Hamas Invasion Plans_
Source: https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-could-israeli-intelligence-miss-hamas-invasion-plans